CS340 · Chapter 1 · Annotated SlidesIntroduction to Databases
Original
Overview

Introduction to Databases

What a database and a DBMS are, why a DBMS beats a file-based system, what a DBMS does, the steps for designing a database (conceptual, logical, optimization, querying, applications), and the main characteristics of the database approach.

How to read this page

Every original slide is shown unchanged. Yellow marks on a slide point to a numbered note: hover or tap a mark to jump to its note, and hover a note to see its marks. Questions tagged Past exam appeared on a real paper; Prediction questions are likely angles, not confirmed. Pick an answer to each question: a wrong pick tells you why it is wrong, so you can try again.

All 29 slides
  1. 1 Introduction to Databases
  2. 2 LEARNING GOALS
  3. 3 DEFINITIONS
  4. 4 WHY USE A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
  5. 5 FILE BASED SYSTEM
  6. 6 DBMS INSTEAD OF FILE SYSTEM
  7. 7 SIMPLIFIED DBMS
  8. 8 OTHER USEFUL FUNCTIONS OF A DBMS
  9. 9 OBJECTIVES OF DBMS
  10. 10 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH
  11. 11 HOW DO I DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A DATABASE?
  12. 12 1. CONCEPTUAL MODELING
  13. 13 2. LOGICAL MODELING
  14. 14 3. OPTIMIZATION
  15. 15 4. QUERYING THE DATA
  16. 16 4. QUERYING THE DATA (CONTD)
  17. 17 5. OTHER DATABASE APPLICATIONS
  18. 18 5. OTHER DATABASE APPLICATIONS (CONTD)
  19. 19 5. OTHER DATABASE APPLICATIONS (CONTD)
  20. 20 6. CREATE YOUR OWN APPLICATION
  21. 21 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH
  22. 22 EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLIFIED DATABASE CATALOG
  23. 23 EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLIFIED DATABASE CATALOG
  24. 24 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)
  25. 25 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)
  26. 26 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)
  27. 27 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)
  28. 28 DO I ALWAYS NEED A DATABASE?
  29. 29 SUMMARY
Slide 1 / 29

Introduction to Databases

Slide 1: Introduction to Databases
Slide 2 / 29

LEARNING GOALS

Slide 2: LEARNING GOALS
Slide 3 / 29

DEFINITIONS

Slide 3: DEFINITIONS

Notes

  1. Database: an organized collection of related data. DBMS: the software that defines, builds, manipulates and shares it (Oracle, PostgreSQL, MySQL, MongoDB).

Slide 4 / 29

WHY USE A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Slide 4: WHY USE A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Slide 5 / 29

FILE BASED SYSTEM

Slide 5: FILE BASED SYSTEM

Notes

  1. File-based systems: each application owns its files → redundancy, inconsistency, hard access, no concurrency control, weak security.

Exam angle

Past exam · Midterm exam

Q2: storing the same data in many places

PredictionQ1

Storing the same data in many places is called:

Slide 6 / 29

DBMS INSTEAD OF FILE SYSTEM

Slide 6: DBMS INSTEAD OF FILE SYSTEM
Slide 7 / 29

SIMPLIFIED DBMS

Slide 7: SIMPLIFIED DBMS
Slide 8 / 29

OTHER USEFUL FUNCTIONS OF A DBMS

Slide 8: OTHER USEFUL FUNCTIONS OF A DBMS
Slide 9 / 29

OBJECTIVES OF DBMS

Slide 9: OBJECTIVES OF DBMS
Slide 10 / 29

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH

Slide 10: MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH

Notes

  1. Characteristics: self-describing (catalog / metadata), program–data independence, multiple views, sharing and multi-user transactions.

Exam angle

PredictionQ1

A database is "self-describing" because it stores:

Slide 11 / 29

HOW DO I DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A DATABASE?

Slide 11: HOW DO I DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A DATABASE?

Exam angle

PredictionQ1

Correct order for designing a database:

Slide 12 / 29

1. CONCEPTUAL MODELING

Slide 12: 1. CONCEPTUAL MODELING
Slide 13 / 29

2. LOGICAL MODELING

Slide 13: 2. LOGICAL MODELING
Slide 14 / 29

3. OPTIMIZATION

Slide 14: 3. OPTIMIZATION

Notes

  1. Optimization = normalization: capture everything, take less space, avoid anomalies.

  2. Seen again Chapter 9: Normalization, slide 8: normalization

Slide 15 / 29

4. QUERYING THE DATA

Slide 15: 4. QUERYING THE DATA
Slide 16 / 29

4. QUERYING THE DATA (CONTD)

Slide 16: 4. QUERYING THE DATA (CONTD)
Slide 17 / 29

5. OTHER DATABASE APPLICATIONS

Slide 17: 5. OTHER DATABASE APPLICATIONS
Slide 18 / 29

5. OTHER DATABASE APPLICATIONS (CONTD)

Slide 18: 5. OTHER DATABASE APPLICATIONS (CONTD)
Slide 19 / 29

5. OTHER DATABASE APPLICATIONS (CONTD)

Slide 19: 5. OTHER DATABASE APPLICATIONS (CONTD)
Slide 20 / 29

6. CREATE YOUR OWN APPLICATION

Slide 20: 6. CREATE YOUR OWN APPLICATION
Slide 21 / 29

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH

Slide 21: MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH
Slide 22 / 29

EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLIFIED DATABASE CATALOG

Slide 22: EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLIFIED DATABASE CATALOG
Slide 23 / 29

EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLIFIED DATABASE CATALOG

Slide 23: EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLIFIED DATABASE CATALOG
Slide 24 / 29

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)

Slide 24: MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)
Slide 25 / 29

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)

Slide 25: MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)
Slide 26 / 29

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)

Slide 26: MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)
Slide 27 / 29

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)

Slide 27: MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DATABASE APPROACH (CONTINUED)

Notes

  1. Memory trick Durability = Doesn’t disappear after commit.

Exam angle

Past exam · Midterm exam

Q6: the property that survives failures

PredictionQ1

Which ACID property ensures committed changes persist despite failures?

PredictionQ2

All of a transaction’s operations happen or none do. This is:

Slide 28 / 29

DO I ALWAYS NEED A DATABASE?

Slide 28: DO I ALWAYS NEED A DATABASE?

Notes

  1. You may not need a DBMS for small, simple, single-user, fixed data, or when the overhead isn’t worth it.

Slide 29 / 29

SUMMARY

Slide 29: SUMMARY